Waking up tired, struggling to stay alert during the day, or hearing complaints about loud snoring? These could all be signs of sleep apnoea, a condition that affects breathing while you sleep. Many people don’t realise that sleep apnoea is closely linked to airway problems, which is why an ENT doctor plays a key role in diagnosis and treatment.
Why Do Airways Matter in Sleep Apnoea?
Sleep apnoea happens when the airway becomes blocked or collapses during sleep, causing short pauses in breathing. These interruptions can last for seconds or even minutes, preventing you from getting restful sleep.
The airway includes the nose, throat, and windpipe, and any obstruction in these areas can contribute to sleep apnoea. ENT doctors focus on identifying where the blockage is coming from, whether it’s nasal congestion, large tonsils, or a narrow throat. By addressing these issues, they can help improve airflow and reduce sleep disruptions.
What Will an ENT Doctor Check?
If you suspect sleep apnoea, an ENT doctor will carry out a thorough assessment. This usually includes:
1. Checking the Nose for Blockages
A blocked nose can make breathing difficult at night, forcing you to breathe through your mouth, which can worsen sleep apnoea. Conditions like a deviated septum, nasal polyps, or chronic sinusitis can all contribute to poor airflow.
2. Examining the Tonsils and Adenoids
Enlarged tonsils and adenoids are a common cause of sleep apnoea, especially in children. If they are too large, they can partially or fully block the airway during sleep.
3. Looking at Throat Structure
Some people naturally have a narrower airway, making them more prone to sleep apnoea. Extra tissue in the throat, a weak tongue that falls back during sleep, or a bulky soft palate can also play a role.
4. Assessing Tongue and Jaw Position
The tongue and jaw position can also affect airflow. If the tongue falls back too much during sleep, it can block the throat, leading to repeated breathing pauses.
What Treatment Options Are Available?
Once the cause of the blockage is identified, the ENT doctor will suggest treatment options based on the severity of the condition. These can range from simple lifestyle changes to medical interventions.
1. Non-Surgical Treatments
- Nasal Sprays or Medications: If allergies or sinus problems are affecting breathing, medication can help reduce swelling and improve airflow.
- CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure): This machine delivers steady air pressure through a mask to keep the airway open during sleep.
- Oral Appliances: Special mouthpieces can reposition the tongue or jaw to prevent airway collapse.
2. When is Surgery an Option?
If non-surgical treatments don’t provide relief, surgery may be recommended. This is usually considered when there is a clear physical obstruction, such as:
- Tonsillectomy or Adenoidectomy: Removing enlarged tonsils or adenoids can significantly improve breathing in children and some adults.
- Nasal Surgery: Procedures to correct a deviated septum or remove nasal polyps can help clear nasal blockages.
- Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP): This procedure removes excess tissue from the throat to widen the airway.
Surgery is not always necessary, but for those with structural issues contributing to sleep apnoea, it can make a significant difference.
When Should You See an ENT Doctor?
If you experience any of the following symptoms, it may be time to book an appointment with an ENT doctor:
- Loud snoring that disturbs others
- Waking up gasping or choking
- Feeling exhausted even after a full night’s sleep
- Frequent headaches in the morning
- Dry mouth or sore throat when waking up
Ignoring sleep apnoea can lead to long-term health problems like high blood pressure, heart disease, and daytime drowsiness that increases the risk of accidents. Seeking advice early can help prevent complications.
Take Control of Your Sleep and Breathing
If you or a loved one struggles with loud snoring, poor sleep, or daytime fatigue, it may be time to investigate whether airway issues are to blame. A consultation with an ENT doctor can provide clarity on what’s causing the problem and what steps to take next.
At Lynne Lim Ear Nose Throat Head and Neck Surgery Centre, Dr Lynne Lim has over 25 years of experience in treating conditions related to breathing and sleep. If sleep apnoea is affecting your daily life, book an appointment today to discuss your symptoms and explore your options for treatment.
Takeaway
Sleep apnoea is more than just snoring, it’s a serious condition that affects breathing and overall health. Since the airway plays a key role in sleep apnoea, an ENT doctor can help identify the cause and offer treatment options to improve breathing and sleep quality.
If you suspect sleep apnoea, don’t wait. Getting the right care can help you sleep better, feel more energised, and reduce health risks linked to interrupted breathing. Take the first step towards better sleep today!
